In July 2019, Israel and the United States declared the completion of a series of trials for the Arrow 3 missile defense system in Alaska. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, in his characteristic style, proclaimed the tests as surpassing expectations, stating, "Today, Israel possesses the capability to counter ballistic missiles, whether they originate from Iran or elsewhere."


Israel's triumph in thwarting Iran's assault represents a scarce instance of positivity for the nation. This event underscored the unparalleled efficacy of Israel's multi-tiered missile defense, comprising systems like the Arrow 3, David's Sling, and the Iron Dome, in intercepting Iran's projectiles. Furthermore, it instilled significant reassurance among Israelis, knowing that their nation could rely on the support of allies such as the United States, Britain, France, and Jordan to intercept the attack.


The assault on April 14 has the capacity to reshape Israel's strategic considerations. If indeed Israeli missile defense capabilities prove to be as formidable as demonstrated—largely bolstered by support from the United States—it not only diminishes the potential for Israeli casualties but also affords leaders greater leeway and time for response. The efficacy of these defenses could curtail the extent of any retaliatory measures, and conceivably, eliminate the necessity for a response altogether. Such a scenario would contribute to safeguarding Israel's international reputation and legitimacy. A more secure Israel may also experience reduced pressure to initiate a preemptive strike against Iran, consequently mitigating the risk of drawing the United States into a broader conflict in the Middle East.

Nearly five years later, during the early hours of April 14, Iran initiated a large-scale assault on Israel, deploying approximately 120 ballistic missiles, 30 cruise missiles, and 170 drones. Remarkably, around 99 percent of these projectiles were intercepted. Despite this, nine missiles breached Israeli defenses, striking two air force bases, albeit resulting in minimal damage.

The Iranian assault has prompted a renewed sense of urgency in U.S. endeavors to foster security alliances in the Middle East. In early May, a spokesperson from the State Department indicated that the United States and Saudi Arabia were on the brink of finalizing an agreement concerning security cooperation and technology exchange. This arrangement may additionally entail the normalization of relations between Saudi Arabia and Israel.